目的 针对特种车辆内部空间有限,高海拔地区车辆乘载员在低压缺氧、昼夜温差较大等环境下面临持续供氧的迫切需求,研究一种侧装式车载制氧装置,能够满足安装空间要求和特殊环境可靠性能。方法 在充分考量车辆内部空间布局与制氧装置高原工作环境的前提下,采用变压吸附制氧技术,对制氧装置的工作性能和总体布局进行分析设计。阐述在高海拔地区及车辆恶劣运行环境下制氧装置所采取强化散热、结构加固、减振和防护等环境适应关键设计。结果 制氧装置在常温常压下氧气流量为3.64 L/min,氧气质量分数为93.97%,压力为47 kPa,噪音最大值为58.1 dB（A）,连续工作8 h以上性能良好。在模拟海拔4 500 m时,氧流量为3.48 L/min,氧气质量分数为56.02%,压力为42 kPa。通过高低温、振动冲击、湿热等试验,验证了制氧装置的系统可靠性及环境适应性。结论 该侧装式车载制氧装置的相关设计在高原特殊环境下能够满足任务续航能力和乘员生存保障需求,具有重要的现实意义及应用价值。
Abstract
The interior space of special vehicles is limited, and the passengers in high altitude areas are faced with the urgent need of continuous oxygen supply in the environment of low pressure and hypoxia, large temperature difference between day and night, etc. The work aims to develop a side-mounted vehicle oxygen generation device to meet the requirements of installation space and reliable performance in special environment. On the premise of giving full consideration to the internal space layout of the vehicle and the plateau working environment of the oxygen generation device, the working performance and overall layout of the oxygen generation device were analyzed and designed with the pressure swing adsorption oxygen generation technology. Key environmental worthiness designs of the oxygen generation device, such as strengthening heat dissipation, structural reinforcement, vibration reduction and protection, were described in the high altitude area and the harsh operating environment of the vehicle. Under the conditions of normal temperature and pressure, the oxygen flow rate was 3.64 L/min, the oxygen mass fraction was 93.97%, the pressure was 47 kPa, the maximum noise value was 58.1 dB (A), and the oxygen generation device had good performance after working continuously for more than 8 hours; The oxygen flow rate was 3.48 L/min, the oxygen mass fraction was 56.02%, and the pressure was 42 kPa at a simulated altitude of 4 500 m. The system reliability and environmental worthiness of the oxygen generation device were verified by high and low temperature, vibration and impact, and humidity and heat tests. The related design of the side-mounted vehicle-mounted oxygen generation device can meet the requirements of mission endurance and crew survival support in the special plateau environment, and has important practical significance and application value.
关键词
高海拔低气压 /
车载制氧 /
侧装式设计 /
环境适应性 /
抗振动冲击 /
抗高低温 /
抗湿热
Key words
high altitude low pressure /
on-vehicle oxygen generation /
side-mounted design /
environmental worthiness /
resistance to vibration and impact /
resistant to high and low temperature /
resistance to moisture and heat
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